Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	12
Number of observations	293
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	27.6 KiB
Average record size in memory	96.4 B

Variable types

NUM	6
BOOL	4
CAT	2

Warnings

`df_index` has unique values	Unique
`oldpeak` has 188 (64.2%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-12-10 21:13:36.661704
Analysis finished	2020-12-10 21:13:48.656092
Duration	11.99 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

df_index
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

UNIQUE

Distinct	293
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	146.6518771
Minimum	0
Maximum	293
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	0.3%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	14.6
Q1	73
median	147
Q3	220
95-th percentile	278.4
Maximum	293
Range	293
Interquartile range (IQR)	147

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	85.12019084
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5804234661
Kurtosis	-1.203043787
Mean	146.6518771
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	74
Skewness	-0.004896904897
Sum	42969
Variance	7245.446889
Monotocity	Strictly increasing

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
293	1	0.3%
109	1	0.3%
92	1	0.3%
93	1	0.3%
94	1	0.3%
95	1	0.3%
96	1	0.3%
97	1	0.3%
98	1	0.3%
99	1	0.3%
100	1	0.3%
101	1	0.3%
103	1	0.3%
104	1	0.3%
105	1	0.3%
106	1	0.3%
107	1	0.3%
91	1	0.3%
90	1	0.3%
89	1	0.3%
80	1	0.3%
74	1	0.3%
75	1	0.3%
76	1	0.3%
77	1	0.3%
Other values (268)	268	91.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	0.3%
1	1	0.3%
2	1	0.3%
3	1	0.3%
4	1	0.3%
5	1	0.3%
6	1	0.3%
7	1	0.3%
8	1	0.3%
9	1	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
293	1	0.3%
292	1	0.3%
291	1	0.3%
290	1	0.3%
289	1	0.3%
288	1	0.3%
287	1	0.3%
286	1	0.3%
285	1	0.3%
284	1	0.3%

age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	38
Distinct (%)	13.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	47.8225256
Minimum	28
Maximum	66
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	28
5-th percentile	34
Q1	42
median	49
Q3	54
95-th percentile	59
Maximum	66
Range	38
Interquartile range (IQR)	12

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.824875011
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1636232071
Kurtosis	-0.5112967113
Mean	47.8225256
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6
Skewness	-0.2822808516
Sum	14012
Variance	61.22866894
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=38)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
54	25	8.5%
48	19	6.5%
52	17	5.8%
55	15	5.1%
49	14	4.8%
46	13	4.4%
53	12	4.1%
43	12	4.1%
50	12	4.1%
39	11	3.8%
41	11	3.8%
47	10	3.4%
56	10	3.4%
51	9	3.1%
58	9	3.1%
59	8	2.7%
37	8	2.7%
45	8	2.7%
44	7	2.4%
42	7	2.4%
40	7	2.4%
38	7	2.4%
35	5	1.7%
57	5	1.7%
36	5	1.7%
Other values (13)	27	9.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
28	1	0.3%
29	2	0.7%
30	1	0.3%
31	2	0.7%
32	4	1.4%
33	2	0.7%
34	4	1.4%
35	5	1.7%
36	5	1.7%
37	8	2.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
66	1	0.3%
65	3	1.0%
63	1	0.3%
62	2	0.7%
61	2	0.7%
60	2	0.7%
59	8	2.7%
58	9	3.1%
57	5	1.7%
56	10	3.4%

sex
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

1	213
0	80

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	213	72.7%
0	80	27.3%

cp
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	1.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

4	123
2	105
3	54
1	11

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	123	42.0%
2	105	35.8%
3	54	18.4%
1	11	3.8%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Overview of Unicode Properties

Unique unicode characters	4
Unique unicode categories	1 ?
Unique unicode scripts	1 ?
Unique unicode blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	123	42.0%
2	105	35.8%
3	54	18.4%
1	11	3.8%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	293	100.0%

Most frequent Decimal Number characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	123	42.0%
2	105	35.8%
3	54	18.4%
1	11	3.8%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	293	100.0%

Most frequent Common characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	123	42.0%
2	105	35.8%
3	54	18.4%
1	11	3.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	293	100.0%

Most frequent ASCII characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	123	42.0%
2	105	35.8%
3	54	18.4%
1	11	3.8%

trestbps
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	32
Distinct (%)	10.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	132.6606949
Minimum	92
Maximum	200
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	92
5-th percentile	110
Q1	120
median	130
Q3	140
95-th percentile	160
Maximum	200
Range	108
Interquartile range (IQR)	20

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	17.57678272
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1324942759
Kurtosis	0.8312457912
Mean	132.6606949
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	10
Skewness	0.7386292738
Sum	38869.58362
Variance	308.9432907
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=32)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
120	65	22.2%
130	54	18.4%
140	50	17.1%
150	23	7.8%
110	20	6.8%
160	20	6.8%
125	8	2.7%
100	6	2.0%
180	6	2.0%
145	5	1.7%
170	5	1.7%
135	5	1.7%
112	3	1.0%
118	2	0.7%
124	2	0.7%
115	2	0.7%
122	2	0.7%
105	1	0.3%
98	1	0.3%
132.5836177	1	0.3%
190	1	0.3%
155	1	0.3%
132	1	0.3%
108	1	0.3%
113	1	0.3%
Other values (7)	7	2.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
92	1	0.3%
98	1	0.3%
100	6	2.0%
105	1	0.3%
106	1	0.3%
108	1	0.3%
110	20	6.8%
112	3	1.0%
113	1	0.3%
115	2	0.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
200	1	0.3%
190	1	0.3%
180	6	2.0%
170	5	1.7%
160	20	6.8%
155	1	0.3%
150	23	7.8%
145	5	1.7%
142	1	0.3%
140	50	17.1%

chol
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	154
Distinct (%)	52.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	250.8487085
Minimum	85
Maximum	603
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	85
5-th percentile	165.2
Q1	211
median	248
Q3	277
95-th percentile	350.2
Maximum	603
Range	518
Interquartile range (IQR)	66

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	65.05905634
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2593557556
Kurtosis	5.187495865
Mean	250.8487085
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	34
Skewness	1.489808115
Sum	73498.67159
Variance	4232.680812
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
250.8487085	22	7.5%
275	5	1.7%
230	5	1.7%
246	5	1.7%
216	4	1.4%
211	4	1.4%
263	4	1.4%
260	4	1.4%
224	4	1.4%
238	4	1.4%
215	4	1.4%
196	4	1.4%
237	4	1.4%
207	3	1.0%
288	3	1.0%
248	3	1.0%
182	3	1.0%
292	3	1.0%
223	3	1.0%
193	3	1.0%
297	3	1.0%
213	3	1.0%
268	3	1.0%
184	3	1.0%
291	3	1.0%
Other values (129)	184	62.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
85	1	0.3%
100	1	0.3%
117	1	0.3%
129	1	0.3%
132	1	0.3%
147	2	0.7%
156	1	0.3%
160	3	1.0%
161	1	0.3%
163	2	0.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
603	1	0.3%
529	1	0.3%
518	1	0.3%
491	1	0.3%
468	1	0.3%
466	1	0.3%
412	1	0.3%
404	1	0.3%
394	1	0.3%
393	1	0.3%

fbs
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

0	273
1	20

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	273	93.2%
1	20	6.8%

restecg
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	1.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

0	235
1	52
2	6

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	235	80.2%
1	52	17.7%
2	6	2.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

Overview of Unicode Properties

Unique unicode characters	4
Unique unicode categories	2 ?
Unique unicode scripts	1 ?
Unique unicode blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	528	60.1%
.	293	33.3%
1	52	5.9%
2	6	0.7%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	586	66.7%
Other Punctuation	293	33.3%

Most frequent Decimal Number characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	528	90.1%
1	52	8.9%
2	6	1.0%

Most frequent Other Punctuation characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
.	293	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	879	100.0%

Most frequent Common characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	528	60.1%
.	293	33.3%
1	52	5.9%
2	6	0.7%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	879	100.0%

Most frequent ASCII characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	528	60.1%
.	293	33.3%
1	52	5.9%
2	6	0.7%

thalach
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	72
Distinct (%)	24.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	139.0584631
Minimum	82
Maximum	190
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	82
5-th percentile	98
Q1	122
median	140
Q3	155
95-th percentile	176.8
Maximum	190
Range	108
Interquartile range (IQR)	33

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	23.55800299
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.169410782
Kurtosis	-0.579829956
Mean	139.0584631
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	16
Skewness	-0.08053560888
Sum	40744.12969
Variance	554.9795047
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
150	29	9.9%
140	21	7.2%
130	17	5.8%
170	14	4.8%
160	12	4.1%
120	11	3.8%
110	9	3.1%
142	8	2.7%
125	8	2.7%
135	7	2.4%
100	7	2.4%
155	7	2.4%
138	6	2.0%
115	6	2.0%
175	6	2.0%
180	6	2.0%
145	6	2.0%
118	5	1.7%
122	5	1.7%
124	4	1.4%
116	4	1.4%
137	4	1.4%
134	4	1.4%
98	4	1.4%
165	4	1.4%
Other values (47)	79	27.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
82	1	0.3%
87	1	0.3%
90	1	0.3%
91	1	0.3%
92	3	1.0%
94	2	0.7%
96	3	1.0%
98	4	1.4%
99	2	0.7%
100	7	2.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
190	1	0.3%
188	1	0.3%
185	3	1.0%
184	3	1.0%
180	6	2.0%
178	1	0.3%
176	1	0.3%
175	6	2.0%
174	2	0.7%
172	3	1.0%

exang
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

0	204
1	89

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	204	69.6%
1	89	30.4%

oldpeak
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	3.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.5880546075
Minimum	0
Maximum	5
Zeros	188
Zeros (%)	64.2%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	1
95-th percentile	2
Maximum	5
Range	5
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.9095539158
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.546716758
Kurtosis	2.163645114
Mean	0.5880546075
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.543805087
Sum	172.3
Variance	0.8272883258
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	188	64.2%
1	41	14.0%
2	31	10.6%
1.5	16	5.5%
3	9	3.1%
2.5	3	1.0%
0.5	2	0.7%
0.8	1	0.3%
5	1	0.3%
4	1	0.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	188	64.2%
0.5	2	0.7%
0.8	1	0.3%
1	41	14.0%
1.5	16	5.5%
2	31	10.6%
2.5	3	1.0%
3	9	3.1%
4	1	0.3%
5	1	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	1	0.3%
4	1	0.3%
3	9	3.1%
2.5	3	1.0%
2	31	10.6%
1.5	16	5.5%
1	41	14.0%
0.8	1	0.3%
0.5	2	0.7%
0	188	64.2%

num
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	2.4 KiB

0	187
1	106

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	187	63.8%
1	106	36.2%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	df_index	age	sex	cp	trestbps	chol	restecg	thalach
0	0	28	1	2	130.0	132.000000	2.0	185.0
1	1	29	1	2	120.0	243.000000	0.0	160.0
2	2	29	1	2	140.0	250.848708	0.0	170.0
3	3	30	0	1	170.0	237.000000	1.0	170.0
4	4	31	0	2	100.0	219.000000	1.0	150.0
5	5	32	0	2	105.0	198.000000	0.0	165.0
6	6	32	1	2	110.0	225.000000	0.0	184.0
7	7	32	1	2	125.0	254.000000	0.0	155.0
8	8	33	1	3	120.0	298.000000	0.0	185.0
9	9	34	0	2	130.0	161.000000	0.0	190.0

Last rows

	df_index	age	sex	cp	trestbps	chol	fbs	restecg	thalach	exang	oldpeak	num
283	284	49	1	4	128.0	212.0	0.0	0.0	96.0	1.0	0.0	1
284	285	49	1	4	150.0	222.0	0.0	0.0	122.0	0.0	2.0	1
285	286	50	1	4	140.0	231.0	0.0	1.0	140.0	1.0	5.0	1
286	287	50	1	4	140.0	341.0	0.0	1.0	125.0	1.0	2.5	1
287	288	52	1	4	140.0	266.0	0.0	0.0	134.0	1.0	2.0	1
288	289	52	1	4	160.0	331.0	0.0	0.0	94.0	1.0	2.5	1
289	290	54	0	3	130.0	294.0	0.0	1.0	100.0	1.0	0.0	1
290	291	56	1	4	155.0	342.0	1.0	0.0	150.0	1.0	3.0	1
291	292	58	0	2	180.0	393.0	0.0	0.0	110.0	1.0	1.0	1
292	293	65	1	4	130.0	275.0	0.0	1.0	115.0	1.0	1.0	1

Overview

Variables

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent Decimal Number characters

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent Common characters

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent ASCII characters

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent Decimal Number characters

Most frequent Other Punctuation characters

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent Common characters

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent ASCII characters

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows