# Magistrala
### A Modern IoT Platform Framework for Scalable IoT
**Made with ❤ by [Abstract Machines](https://absmach.eu/)**
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[Guide](https://magistrala.absmach.eu/docs/) | [Contributing](CONTRIBUTING.md) | [Website](https://absmach.eu/) | [Chat](https://matrix.to/#/#supermq:matrix.org)
## Introduction 🌍
Magistrala is an open-source IoT platform built for engineers who need full control over their messaging, device management, and data pipelines.
It is built on top of [FluxMQ](https://github.com/absmach/fluxmq), a modern message broker designed for both messaging and event streams. Magistrala provides everything around it: identity, access control, device provisioning, data processing, and observability.
IoT systems usually involve brokers, databases, rule engines, and custom services. Magistrala does not pretend those pieces disappear. It provides a coherent framework for integrating them into a single system with a consistent model for identity, access control, messaging, and observability.
**What it is:**
- An event-driven IoT middleware platform
- A unified control plane for devices, users, and data
- A foundation for building scalable IoT systems
**What it is not:**
- Not just an MQTT broker
- Not a black-box SaaS
- Not tied to a single cloud or vendor
---
## 🧩 IoT Platform Framework
We call Magistrala a **framework**, not just a platform.
It is extremely flexible and lets you build systems the way you want — from simple prototypes to complex, large-scale deployments — without forcing you into rigid patterns.
At the same time, it avoids the typical complexity of many IoT platforms, where you need to learn an entirely new set of concepts before you can even get started.
Magistrala is built around a small number of main concepts:
- users
- clients (devices)
- channels
- messages
- policies
Most engineers are already familiar with these ideas, so you can start building immediately.
You can keep things simple:
- connect devices
- send messages
- store data
Or you can go deeper:
- define complex access control policies
- build event-driven pipelines
- integrate custom processing and automation
Magistrala scales with your needs — simple when you want it, powerful when you need it.
---
## 🚀 Key Benefits
- **A Coherent System, Not a Mess of Integrations**
Build IoT systems from multiple components without ending up with fragmented security, messaging, and operations.
- **Event-Driven at the Core**
Everything is built around events — enabling real-time processing, streaming, and scalable data flows.
- **Protocol-Native, Not Forced Abstractions**
MQTT, HTTP, WebSocket, and CoAP are treated as first-class citizens, each with their own semantics.
- **Security Built Into the Model**
Identity, authentication, and authorization are part of the system design — not bolted on later.
- **Flexible by Design**
Start simple or build complex systems — without changing platforms or rewriting your architecture.
- **Runs Where You Need It**
Cloud, edge, or hybrid — no vendor lock-in, no hidden dependencies.
---
## ✨ Features
Magistrala provides a complete set of building blocks for IoT systems — from device connectivity to data processing and observability — without forcing a rigid architecture.
### 🔐 Identity & Access
- Multi-tenant domains for isolating environments
- Users, roles, and organizational hierarchies
- Fine-grained access control (ABAC + RBAC)
- Mutual TLS (X.509) and JWT-based authentication
- Personal Access Tokens (PATs) with scoping and revocation
### 🔌 Connectivity
- Native support for MQTT, HTTP, WebSocket, and CoAP
- Consistent authentication and authorization across protocols
- Designed for both cloud services and constrained devices
### 📦 Device & Application Model
- Device (client) provisioning and lifecycle management
- Channels for grouping and controlling message flow
- Application-level grouping and sharing of clients
- Simple but flexible communication model
### ⚙️ Processing & Automation
- Rules engine for message processing and routing
- Alarms and triggers for reacting to events
- Scheduled actions for time-based workflows
- Event-driven architecture as the foundation
### 📊 Observability
- Audit logs for tracking system activity
- Metrics and tracing via Prometheus and OpenTelemetry
- Built-in visibility into system behavior and data flows
### 🚀 Deployment & Operations
- Container-native (Docker, Kubernetes)
- Designed for cloud, edge, and hybrid deployments
- Works with external storage and processing systems
- Scales from small setups to production environments
### 🧑💻 Developer Experience
- CLI and SDKs for fast integration
- Straightforward APIs and concepts
- Documentation focused on getting you running quickly
---
## Atom Integration Model
Magistrala uses **Atom** as the backend for identity, authorization, and the catalog.
Atom is the source of truth for:
- domains
- users
- clients
- channels
- groups
- roles
- access policies
Magistrala services such as rules, alarms, and reports remain Magistrala services, but they use Atom for identity and authorization.
Current Docker deployments use the Atom image configured by `ATOM_IMAGE` in `docker/.env`. For compatibility with the current Magistrala integration, the generated `MG_ATOM_TOKEN_*` service credentials are unscoped Atom access tokens. Scoped Atom access tokens should not be used for these service env vars until Magistrala stops using owner-wide Atom listing APIs such as `authorizedObjectIds` in service policy paths.
### Core Entity Mapping
| Magistrala concept | Atom concept | Meaning |
|--------------------|--------------|---------|
| Domain | Tenant | Isolation boundary for one organization, project, or environment |
| User | Entity with kind `human` | A person who logs in and uses the UI/API |
| Client | Entity with kind `device` | A device or application that sends/receives data |
| Channel | Resource with kind `channel` | A messaging/data path that clients can publish or subscribe to |
| Group | Group | A collection of users, clients, channels, or other grouped objects |
In simple terms:
```text
MG Domain = Atom Tenant
MG User = Atom Human Entity
MG Client = Atom Device Entity
MG Channel = Atom Channel Resource
MG Group = Atom Group
```
### Actions, Permission Blocks, Roles, and Assignments
Atom access control has these basic parts:
| Atom word | Simple meaning | Example |
|-----------|----------------|---------|
| Action | One permission verb | `read`, `write`, `delete`, `role.manage`, `policy.manage` |
| Permission Block | Where actions apply | all channels in domain `d1` can `read`, `publish` |
| Role | A bundle of permission blocks | `tenant-admin` bundles domain, role, and member access |
| Role Assignment | Who gets a role | give `user1` the `tenant-admin` role |
Read an assignment like this:
```text
Give this .
The role contains permission blocks that say where and what.
```
Example:
```text
Give user1 the tenant-admin role on domain d1.
```
That means:
```text
user1 can use the tenant-admin permissions inside domain d1.
```
### How MG Roles Work With Atom
MG UI shows actions such as:
- read
- update
- delete
- manage roles
- add/remove members
- publish
- subscribe
These are mapped to Atom actions:
| MG action | Atom action |
|-----------|-----------------|
| view/read | `read` |
| create/update/edit/connect | `write` |
| delete/remove | `delete` |
| manage roles | `role.manage` |
| add/remove members or access | `policy.manage` |
| channel publish | `publish` |
| channel subscribe | `subscribe` |
So when MG UI checks:
```text
Can user1 manage roles for client1?
```
Atom checks:
```text
Does user1 have role.manage on client1, or on the domain that contains client1?
```
When MG UI checks:
```text
Can user1 add a member to channel1?
```
Atom checks:
```text
Does user1 have policy.manage on channel1, or on the domain that contains channel1?
```
### Practical Rule
If a user is domain admin, they usually receive a tenant-scoped role in Atom.
That tenant-scoped role can allow them to manage objects inside the domain:
- clients
- channels
- groups
- rules
- alarms
- reports
For narrower access, create object-scoped roles. For example:
```text
Give user2 a reader role only on channel1.
```
Then user2 can read only that channel, not the whole domain.
## Installation
```bash
git clone https://github.com/absmach/magistrala.git
cd magistrala
make run_latest
```
---
## Usage
```bash
make cli
./build/cli health
```
---
## License
Apache-2.0