diff --git a/alarms/alarms.go b/alarms/alarms.go
index b89993125..30c83baea 100644
--- a/alarms/alarms.go
+++ b/alarms/alarms.go
@@ -53,20 +53,23 @@ type AlarmsPage struct {
 }
 
 type PageMetadata struct {
-	Offset         uint64 `json:"offset"          db:"offset"`
-	Limit          uint64 `json:"limit"           db:"limit"`
-	DomainID       string `json:"domain_id"       db:"domain_id"`
-	ChannelID      string `json:"channel_id"      db:"channel_id"`
-	ClientID       string `json:"client_id"       db:"client_id"`
-	Subtopic       string `json:"subtopic"        db:"subtopic"`
-	RuleID         string `json:"rule_id"         db:"rule_id"`
-	Status         Status `json:"status"          db:"status"`
-	AssigneeID     string `json:"assignee_id"     db:"assignee_id"`
-	Severity       uint8  `json:"severity"        db:"severity"`
-	UpdatedBy      string `json:"updated_by"      db:"updated_by"`
-	AssignedBy     string `json:"assigned_by"     db:"assigned_by"`
-	AcknowledgedBy string `json:"acknowledged_by" db:"acknowledged_by"`
-	ResolvedBy     string `json:"resolved_by"     db:"resolved_by"`
+	Offset         uint64    `json:"offset"          db:"offset"`
+	Limit          uint64    `json:"limit"           db:"limit"`
+	DomainID       string    `json:"domain_id"       db:"domain_id"`
+	RuleID         string    `json:"rule_id"         db:"rule_id"`
+	ChannelID      string    `json:"channel_id"      db:"channel_id"`
+	ClientID       string    `json:"client_id"       db:"client_id"`
+	Subtopic       string    `json:"subtopic"        db:"subtopic"`
+	Measurement    string    `json:"measurement"     db:"measurement"`
+	Status         Status    `json:"status"          db:"status"`
+	CreatedFrom    time.Time `json:"created_from"    db:"created_from"`
+	CreatedTo      time.Time `json:"created_to"      db:"created_to"`
+	AssigneeID     string    `json:"assignee_id"     db:"assignee_id"`
+	Severity       uint8     `json:"severity"        db:"severity"`
+	UpdatedBy      string    `json:"updated_by"      db:"updated_by"`
+	AssignedBy     string    `json:"assigned_by"     db:"assigned_by"`
+	AcknowledgedBy string    `json:"acknowledged_by" db:"acknowledged_by"`
+	ResolvedBy     string    `json:"resolved_by"     db:"resolved_by"`
 }
 
 func (a Alarm) Validate() error {
diff --git a/alarms/api/transport.go b/alarms/api/transport.go
index 54e2d9118..68de646c4 100644
--- a/alarms/api/transport.go
+++ b/alarms/api/transport.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"math"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/absmach/magistrala/alarms"
 	"github.com/absmach/supermq"
@@ -131,6 +132,26 @@ func decodeListAlarmsReq(_ context.Context, r *http.Request) (interface{}, error
 	if err != nil {
 		return listAlarmsReq{}, errors.Wrap(apiutil.ErrValidation, err)
 	}
+	cfrom, err := apiutil.ReadStringQuery(r, "created_from", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return listAlarmsReq{}, errors.Wrap(apiutil.ErrValidation, err)
+	}
+	cto, err := apiutil.ReadStringQuery(r, "created_to", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return listAlarmsReq{}, errors.Wrap(apiutil.ErrValidation, err)
+	}
+
+	var createdFrom, createdTo time.Time
+	if cfrom != "" {
+		if createdFrom, err = time.Parse(time.RFC3339, cfrom); err != nil {
+			return listAlarmsReq{}, errors.Wrap(apiutil.ErrValidation, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if cto != "" {
+		if createdTo, err = time.Parse(time.RFC3339, cto); err != nil {
+			return listAlarmsReq{}, errors.Wrap(apiutil.ErrValidation, err)
+		}
+	}
 
 	return listAlarmsReq{
 		PageMetadata: alarms.PageMetadata{
@@ -148,6 +169,8 @@ func decodeListAlarmsReq(_ context.Context, r *http.Request) (interface{}, error
 			UpdatedBy:      updatedBy,
 			AcknowledgedBy: acknowledgedBy,
 			AssignedBy:     assignedBy,
+			CreatedFrom:    createdFrom,
+			CreatedTo:      createdTo,
 		},
 	}, nil
 }
diff --git a/alarms/consumer/consumer.go b/alarms/consumer/consumer.go
index 8b51979f7..7cb14f22d 100644
--- a/alarms/consumer/consumer.go
+++ b/alarms/consumer/consumer.go
@@ -40,10 +40,7 @@ func (h handler) Handle(msg *messaging.Message) (err error) {
 	alarm.ChannelID = msg.GetChannel()
 	alarm.ClientID = msg.GetPublisher()
 	alarm.Subtopic = msg.GetSubtopic()
-
-	if alarm.CreatedAt.IsZero() {
-		alarm.CreatedAt = time.Unix(0, int64(msg.GetCreated()))
-	}
+	alarm.CreatedAt = time.Unix(0, int64(msg.GetCreated()))
 
 	if err := alarm.Validate(); err != nil {
 		return err
diff --git a/alarms/middleware/logging.go b/alarms/middleware/logging.go
index c8e265358..f535c304a 100644
--- a/alarms/middleware/logging.go
+++ b/alarms/middleware/logging.go
@@ -41,9 +41,10 @@ func (lm *loggingMiddleware) CreateAlarm(ctx context.Context, alarm alarms.Alarm
 				slog.String("measurement", alarm.Measurement),
 				slog.String("value", alarm.Value),
 				slog.String("unit", alarm.Unit),
+				slog.Uint64("status", uint64(alarm.Status)),
+				slog.Uint64("severity", uint64(alarm.Severity)),
 				slog.String("threshold", alarm.Threshold),
 				slog.String("cause", alarm.Cause),
-				slog.Uint64("severity", uint64(alarm.Severity)),
 			),
 		}
 		if err != nil {
@@ -51,7 +52,9 @@ func (lm *loggingMiddleware) CreateAlarm(ctx context.Context, alarm alarms.Alarm
 			lm.logger.Warn("Create alarm failed", args...)
 			return
 		}
-		lm.logger.Info("Create alarm completed successfully", args...)
+		if alarm.ID != "" {
+			lm.logger.Info("Create alarm completed successfully", args...)
+		}
 	}(time.Now())
 
 	return lm.service.CreateAlarm(ctx, alarm)
@@ -72,10 +75,10 @@ func (lm *loggingMiddleware) UpdateAlarm(ctx context.Context, session authn.Sess
 				slog.String("measurement", dba.Measurement),
 				slog.String("value", dba.Value),
 				slog.String("unit", dba.Unit),
+				slog.String("status", dba.Status.String()),
+				slog.Uint64("severity", uint64(dba.Severity)),
 				slog.String("threshold", dba.Threshold),
 				slog.String("cause", dba.Cause),
-				slog.Uint64("severity", uint64(dba.Severity)),
-				slog.String("status", dba.Status.String()),
 			),
 		}
 		if err != nil {
@@ -119,6 +122,7 @@ func (lm *loggingMiddleware) ListAlarms(ctx context.Context, session authn.Sessi
 			slog.String("channel_id", pm.ChannelID),
 			slog.String("client_id", pm.ClientID),
 			slog.String("subtopic", pm.Subtopic),
+			slog.String("status", pm.Status.String()),
 			slog.Uint64("severity", uint64(pm.Severity)),
 		}
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/alarms/postgres/alarms.go b/alarms/postgres/alarms.go
index ddd85e127..466001b98 100644
--- a/alarms/postgres/alarms.go
+++ b/alarms/postgres/alarms.go
@@ -30,9 +30,48 @@ func NewAlarmsRepo(db *sqlx.DB) alarms.Repository {
 }
 
 func (r *repository) CreateAlarm(ctx context.Context, alarm alarms.Alarm) (alarms.Alarm, error) {
-	query := `INSERT INTO alarms (id, rule_id, domain_id, channel_id, client_id, subtopic, measurement, value, unit, threshold, cause, status, severity, assignee_id, metadata, created_at)
-				VALUES (:id, :rule_id, :domain_id, :channel_id, :client_id, :subtopic, :measurement, :value, :unit, :threshold, :cause, :status, :severity, :assignee_id, :metadata, :created_at)
-				RETURNING id, rule_id, domain_id, channel_id, client_id, subtopic, measurement, value, unit, threshold, cause, status, severity, assignee_id, metadata, created_at;`
+	query := `
+	WITH existing AS (
+		SELECT status, severity
+		FROM alarms
+		WHERE domain_id = :domain_id
+			AND rule_id = :rule_id
+			AND channel_id = :channel_id
+			AND client_id = :client_id
+			AND subtopic = :subtopic
+			AND measurement = :measurement
+			AND created_at <= :created_at
+		ORDER BY created_at DESC
+		LIMIT 1
+	)
+	INSERT INTO alarms (
+		id, rule_id, domain_id, channel_id, client_id, subtopic, measurement,
+		value, unit, threshold, cause, status, severity, assignee_id,
+		created_at, updated_at, updated_by, assigned_at, assigned_by,
+		acknowledged_at, acknowledged_by, resolved_at, resolved_by, metadata
+	)
+	SELECT
+		:id, :rule_id, :domain_id, :channel_id, :client_id, :subtopic, :measurement,
+		:value, :unit, :threshold, :cause, :status, :severity, :assignee_id,
+		:created_at, :updated_at, :updated_by, :assigned_at, :assigned_by,
+		:acknowledged_at, :acknowledged_by, :resolved_at, :resolved_by, :metadata
+	WHERE (
+		EXISTS (
+			SELECT 1 FROM existing
+			WHERE existing.status IS DISTINCT FROM :status
+			OR (:status = 0 AND existing.status = 0 AND existing.severity IS DISTINCT FROM :severity)
+		)
+		OR (
+			NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM existing) AND :status = 0
+		)
+	)
+	RETURNING
+		id, rule_id, domain_id, channel_id, client_id, subtopic, measurement,
+		value, unit, threshold, cause, status, severity, created_at,
+		assignee_id, updated_at, updated_by, assigned_at, assigned_by,
+		acknowledged_at, acknowledged_by, resolved_at, resolved_by, metadata
+	;
+	`
 	dba, err := toDBAlarm(alarm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return alarms.Alarm{}, errors.Wrap(repoerr.ErrCreateEntity, err)
@@ -147,7 +186,11 @@ func (r *repository) ListAlarms(ctx context.Context, pm alarms.PageMetadata) (al
 		return alarms.AlarmsPage{}, errors.Wrap(repoerr.ErrViewEntity, err)
 	}
 
-	q := fmt.Sprintf(`SELECT * FROM alarms %s ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT :limit OFFSET :offset;`, query)
+	q := fmt.Sprintf(`SELECT id, rule_id, domain_id, channel_id, client_id, subtopic, measurement, value, unit,
+			threshold, cause, status, severity, assignee_id, created_at, updated_at, updated_by, assigned_at,
+			assigned_by, acknowledged_at, acknowledged_by, resolved_at, resolved_by, metadata
+			FROM alarms %s ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT :limit OFFSET :offset;`, query)
+
 	rows, err := r.db.NamedQueryContext(ctx, q, pm)
 	if err != nil {
 		return alarms.AlarmsPage{}, errors.Wrap(repoerr.ErrViewEntity, err)
@@ -384,27 +427,30 @@ func pageQuery(pm alarms.PageMetadata) (string, error) {
 	if pm.DomainID != "" {
 		query = append(query, "domain_id = :domain_id")
 	}
+	if pm.RuleID != "" {
+		query = append(query, "rule_id = :rule_id")
+	}
 	if pm.ChannelID != "" {
 		query = append(query, "channel_id = :channel_id")
 	}
-	if pm.ClientID != "" {
-		query = append(query, "client_id = :client_id")
-	}
 	if pm.Subtopic != "" {
 		query = append(query, "subtopic = :subtopic")
 	}
-	if pm.RuleID != "" {
-		query = append(query, "rule_id = :rule_id")
+	if pm.ClientID != "" {
+		query = append(query, "client_id = :client_id")
+	}
+	if pm.Measurement != "" {
+		query = append(query, "measurement = :measurement")
 	}
 	if pm.Status != alarms.AllStatus {
 		query = append(query, "status = :status")
 	}
-	if pm.AssigneeID != "" {
-		query = append(query, "assignee_id = :assignee_id")
-	}
 	if pm.Severity != math.MaxUint8 {
 		query = append(query, "severity = :severity")
 	}
+	if pm.AssigneeID != "" {
+		query = append(query, "assignee_id = :assignee_id")
+	}
 	if pm.UpdatedBy != "" {
 		query = append(query, "updated_by = :updated_by")
 	}
@@ -417,6 +463,12 @@ func pageQuery(pm alarms.PageMetadata) (string, error) {
 	if pm.AssignedBy != "" {
 		query = append(query, "assigned_by = :assigned_by")
 	}
+	if !pm.CreatedFrom.IsZero() {
+		query = append(query, "created_at >= :created_from")
+	}
+	if !pm.CreatedTo.IsZero() {
+		query = append(query, "created_at <= :created_to")
+	}
 
 	var emq string
 	if len(query) > 0 {
diff --git a/alarms/postgres/alarms_test.go b/alarms/postgres/alarms_test.go
index b435da524..e858fb4b1 100644
--- a/alarms/postgres/alarms_test.go
+++ b/alarms/postgres/alarms_test.go
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func TestCreateAlarm(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			desc:  "duplicate alarm",
 			alarm: alarm,
-			err:   repoerr.ErrConflict,
+			err:   repoerr.ErrNotFound,
 		},
 		{
 			desc: "missing rule id",
diff --git a/alarms/postgres/init.go b/alarms/postgres/init.go
index 6ccb3ab44..e25b97b60 100644
--- a/alarms/postgres/init.go
+++ b/alarms/postgres/init.go
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ func Migration() *migrate.MemoryMigrationSource {
 						rule_id		    VARCHAR(36) NOT NULL CHECK (length(rule_id) > 0),
 						domain_id	    VARCHAR(36) NOT NULL,
 						channel_id	    VARCHAR(36) NOT NULL,
-						client_id	    VARCHAR(36) NOT NULL,
 						subtopic        TEXT NOT NULL,
+						client_id	    VARCHAR(36) NOT NULL,
 						measurement	    TEXT NOT NULL,
 						value		    TEXT NOT NULL,
 						unit		    TEXT NOT NULL,
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ func Migration() *migrate.MemoryMigrationSource {
 						resolved_by	    VARCHAR(36) NULL,
 						metadata	    JSONB
 					);`,
+					"CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_alarms_state ON alarms (domain_id, rule_id, channel_id, subtopic, client_id, measurement, created_at DESC);",
 				},
 				Down: []string{
 					`DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alarms`,
diff --git a/alarms/service.go b/alarms/service.go
index c4bf28304..2ae4f8c80 100644
--- a/alarms/service.go
+++ b/alarms/service.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/absmach/supermq"
 	"github.com/absmach/supermq/pkg/authn"
+	repoerr "github.com/absmach/supermq/pkg/errors/repository"
 )
 
 type service struct {
@@ -39,29 +40,10 @@ func (s *service) CreateAlarm(ctx context.Context, alarm Alarm) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	pm := PageMetadata{
-		Limit:     1,
-		Offset:    0,
-		DomainID:  alarm.DomainID,
-		ChannelID: alarm.ChannelID,
-		ClientID:  alarm.ClientID,
-		Subtopic:  alarm.Subtopic,
-		RuleID:    alarm.RuleID,
-		Severity:  alarm.Severity,
-		Status:    alarm.Status,
-	}
-	lastAlarms, err := s.repo.ListAlarms(ctx, pm)
-	if err != nil {
+	if _, err = s.repo.CreateAlarm(ctx, alarm); err != nil && err != repoerr.ErrNotFound {
 		return err
 	}
-
-	if len(lastAlarms.Alarms) > 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	_, err = s.repo.CreateAlarm(ctx, alarm)
-
-	return err
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (s *service) ViewAlarm(ctx context.Context, session authn.Session, alarmID string) (Alarm, error) {
diff --git a/alarms/service_test.go b/alarms/service_test.go
index 87372c134..ed721f687 100644
--- a/alarms/service_test.go
+++ b/alarms/service_test.go
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ package alarms_test
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"math"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/absmach/magistrala/alarms"
 	"github.com/absmach/magistrala/alarms/mocks"
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ var idp = uuid.New()
 func TestCreateAlarm(t *testing.T) {
 	repo := new(mocks.Repository)
 	svc := alarms.NewService(idp, repo)
-
+	ts := time.Now()
 	cases := []struct {
 		desc  string
 		alarm alarms.Alarm
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ func TestCreateAlarm(t *testing.T) {
 				Unit:        "unit",
 				Cause:       "cause",
 				Severity:    100,
+				CreatedAt:   ts,
 			},
 			err: nil,
 		},
@@ -57,6 +60,7 @@ func TestCreateAlarm(t *testing.T) {
 				Unit:        "unit",
 				Cause:       "cause",
 				Severity:    100,
+				CreatedAt:   ts,
 			},
 			err: errors.New("rule_id is required"),
 		},
@@ -67,13 +71,15 @@ func TestCreateAlarm(t *testing.T) {
 			repoCall := repo.On("CreateAlarm", context.Background(), mock.Anything).Return(tc.alarm, tc.err)
 			repoCall1 := repo.On("ListAlarms", context.Background(), alarms.PageMetadata{
 				Offset: 0, Limit: 1,
-				DomainID:  tc.alarm.DomainID,
-				ChannelID: tc.alarm.ChannelID,
-				ClientID:  tc.alarm.ClientID,
-				Subtopic:  tc.alarm.Subtopic,
-				RuleID:    tc.alarm.RuleID,
-				Severity:  tc.alarm.Severity,
-				Status:    tc.alarm.Status,
+				DomainID:    tc.alarm.DomainID,
+				ChannelID:   tc.alarm.ChannelID,
+				ClientID:    tc.alarm.ClientID,
+				Subtopic:    tc.alarm.Subtopic,
+				Measurement: tc.alarm.Measurement,
+				RuleID:      tc.alarm.RuleID,
+				Status:      alarms.AllStatus,
+				Severity:    math.MaxUint8,
+				CreatedTo:   tc.alarm.CreatedAt,
 			}).Return(alarms.AlarmsPage{}, tc.err)
 			err := svc.CreateAlarm(context.Background(), tc.alarm)
 			if tc.err != nil {
diff --git a/alarms/status.go b/alarms/status.go
index 90a6f7169..92e03157b 100644
--- a/alarms/status.go
+++ b/alarms/status.go
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func (s Status) String() string {
 
 // ToStatus converts string value to a valid Alarm status.
 func ToStatus(status string) (Status, error) {
-	switch status {
+	switch strings.ToLower(status) {
 	case Active:
 		return ActiveStatus, nil
 	case Cleared:
diff --git a/cmd/alarms/main.go b/cmd/alarms/main.go
index 7dfc2dad3..39fc3bdf7 100644
--- a/cmd/alarms/main.go
+++ b/cmd/alarms/main.go
@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ func main() {
 		Topic:          brokers.AllTopic,
 		DeliveryPolicy: messaging.DeliverAllPolicy,
 		Handler:        consumer,
+		AckErr:         true,
 	}
 	if err := pubSub.Subscribe(ctx, subCfg); err != nil {
 		logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to subscribe to message broker: %s", err))
diff --git a/re/bindings.go b/re/bindings.go
index 9fc2a0527..305a0db9d 100644
--- a/re/bindings.go
+++ b/re/bindings.go
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (re *re) sendAlarm(ctx context.Context, ruleID string, original *messaging.
 			m := &messaging.Message{
 				Domain:    original.Domain,
 				Publisher: original.Publisher,
-				Created:   alarm.CreatedAt.UnixNano(),
+				Created:   original.Created,
 				Channel:   original.Channel,
 				Subtopic:  original.Subtopic,
 				Protocol:  original.Protocol,